A .htaccess file (with a dot!) is a file type with no name. It is used for Web sites running on an Apache server. You can use it to execute certain things and change or bypass some (server) settings. Below we give you some examples of .htaccess rules that are commonly used. Before some things need to be \"rewritten\" but first the general stuff.<\/p>\n
Blocking certain IP numbers<\/strong> Order is : first all deny's are executed and only then the allows. Thus, first the indicated IP numbers are blocked and the others are allowed.<\/p>\n Block access .htaccess<\/strong> The above rules apply specifically to the .htaccess file. Of course, one can also protect other files and folders using the same rules.<\/p>\n Define the index file<\/strong> Custom error messages<\/strong> Basic redirects<\/strong> Make sure that the second address is a complete address, otherwise this will not work. The 301 is the redirect code for a permanent redirect.<\/p>\n Turn on the rewrite engine<\/strong> One host name for your website<\/strong> This indicates: if the hostname is not (the exclamation mark stands for: not) www.mijndomein.nl then a 301 redirect should be done to www.mijndomein.nl. With a few additional settings like [NC], you say the case (upper\/lower case) can be ignored. With [L] you say that this last line should be executed immediately. The [R=301] indicates that it should not be a rewrite but a redirect of type 301 (permanent).<\/p>\n Old domain\/website redirects<\/strong> Extreme traffic redirects<\/strong> Visitors who are then directed to your website from deverkeerdesite.nl will now be redirected to Google. This can be just the difference between an overload (server overload) and staying online.<\/p>\n Redirecting from http to https Note this will redirect using the 301 'permanently moved' redirect, which will help transfer your SEO rankings.<\/em><\/p>\n Rewrite everything but...<\/strong> You can attach certain conditions to this: rewrite all urls unless it is an existing folder or file. You can use this to have links to PDF files, for example, not rewritten but simply ignored:<\/p>\n Rewrite a particular folder<\/strong> and in addition there are the following 2 lines:<\/p>\n These rules say that the request method must be GET (you can of course use POST here as well) and that the folder \/yet_a_folder\/ can be ignored. Note here the exclamation point which means 'not'.<\/p>\n
\nIf you want to block an ip number to the site then do so with the following rules:<\/p>\norder deny,allow\ndeny from 12.34.56.78\ndeny from 78.56.34.12\nallow from all\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nTo prevent people from viewing your .htacces, you can block access. You then add the following script:<\/p>\norder allow,deny\ndeny from all\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nWhen querying the root or a specific folder, the server will search for the index file. This is the file to be displayed if no file is defined. For example: www.mijndomein.nl\/uwfolder\/. In most cases, servers have the following files set up: index.html, index.htm, default.asp (IIS), index.php (Apache). You can adjust this in the following way<\/p>\nDirectoryIndex willekeurig.html\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nMost servers have set their default page for error messages. If you want to customize this to your own look-and-feel (html page) of, say, a 404 page, you can do so in the way below :<\/p>\nErrorDocument 403 \/fouten\/geen-toegang.html\nErrorDocument 404 \/fouten\/niet-gevonden.html\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nYou can set some basic redirects in .htaccess. You can attach conditions to these or not. For conditions you use regular expressions . Here are some examples<\/p>\nRedirect 301 \/uwoudebestand.php http:\/\/www.mijndomein.nl\/nieuwemap\/uwnieuwebestand.php\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nThe previous ones were the basic setting. Now the rewrite engine can be turned on. These rules allow you to do a rewrite\/redirect based on some data (hostname, referer, filename, querystring, method). To turn on the engine, use the following line:<\/p>\nRewriteEngine on\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nIt may be desirable for SEO reasons to have your website available on 1 hostname. This will prevent duplicate content from occurring because your website will be indexed on domain A and domain B. Also, you don't want your website to be indexed on both www.site.nl and site.co.uk. To avoid this, add the following lines<\/p>\nRewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\\.mijndomein\\.nl [NC]\nRewriteRule ^(.*)$ http:\/\/www\\.mijndomein\\.nl\/$1 [L,R=301]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nThe above rules are meant to perform a redirect only if the old domain is linked to the new server in the DNS. As a result, all requests will be handled on 1 server. If this is not possible, you can place a redirect on the old server. This redirect then looks like this :<\/p>\nRewriteRule ^(.*)$ http:\/\/www\\.mijndomein\\.nl\/$1 [L,R=301]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nIt may happen that your website is linked in a place that does not make you happy because it costs a huge amount of data traffic and brings visitors to your website that do not add value. In this case, place some rules to subtly redirect all this traffic:<\/p>\n\nRewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} deverkeerdesite\\.nl [NC]\nRewriteRule ^(.*)$ http:\/\/www.google.nl [L,R=302]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n<\/strong>The code below will redirect all your traffic destined for http: to https:<\/p>\nRewriteEngine On\nRewriteCond %{HTTPS} off\nRewriteRule (.*) https:\/\/%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nIn most cases, the rewrite engine is used to rewrite so-called neat urls behind the scenes to 1 file that handles everything else. For example, you can internally rewrite the address \/folder\/map2\/file\/ to index.php?folder\/map2\/file\/:<\/p>\nRewriteRule ^(.*)$ \/index.php?$1 [L]\n<\/code><\/pre>\nRewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f\nRewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d\nRewriteRule ^(.*)$ \/index.php?$1 [L]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nYou can also redirect or rewrite 1 particular folder. You then use a condition to limit the rule to 1 folder:<\/p>\nRewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^\/deze_map\/ [NC]\nRewriteRule ^(.*)$ \/index_voor_map.php?$1 [L]\n<\/code><\/pre>\nRewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} GET\nRewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^\/nog_een_map\/\n<\/code><\/pre>\n